DEGUMMING

Crude oils contain phospholipids, resins, trace metals. These water-soluble and water-insoluble materials must be removed from the oil. The degumming process is carried out to remove adhesives from the oil. Degumming consists of lecithin processing, filtration, blending, hydration, centrifugal separation, drying, bleaching process.

CAUSES OF REMOVAL OF ADHESIVES

  • Phospholipids with an emulsifier character cause an increase in fat loss, especially in the neutralization stage.
  • Adhesives, especially during high-temperature deodorization, form dark-colored substances, causing the color of the oil to darken.
  • The trace metals between the adherents accelerate the reactions because they are prooxidative.

DEGUMMING METHODS

Below, methods of degumming are described:

HYDRATION METHOD

01

The oil is heated to 80 ° C by means of a heat exchanger and mixed with the mixer in a hydration tank and allowed to stand for a while. Subsequently, separation by centrifugation is performed.

ACID REMOVAL METHOD

02

In this method, the structure is continuously heated and mixed with the acid solution. The mixture is then centrifuged.

PHYSICAL REFINING METHOD

03

In this method, the oil is heated to 40-50 ° C and mixed with 0.1% citric acid or phosphoric acid solution. The mixture of acid and oil is allowed to stand for a while and water is added to the mixture. Then, centrifugation process is made.

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